Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Platelet Concentrates in Bone Regeneration
Authors: Hussein Ali Almomani, Mohammed Ali El Maaytah
Doi: 10.54936/haoms263038
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has the ability to enhance tissue regeneration and accelerate
wound healing by inducing stem cell differentiation through its growth factors (GFs). It is
widely used in various surgical fields including maxillofacial surgery
PRP has been used as first-generation since PRP has the ability to enhance tissue
regeneration and accelerate wound healing by inducing stem cell differentiation through
its growth factors. A second-generation platelet concentrates to address the drawbacks of
PRP. The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)preparation could be done with minimal experience
because it is a simple single step not, as PRP, that requires a two-step centrifugation,
purification and coagulant addition. Through its inherent growth factors, PRF has been
proven to improve the regeneration of dental soft and hard tissues. Concentrated growth
factors (CGF), a third-generation platelet concentrate, were reported to have an advantage
over PRP and PRF in terms of cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation, as well as a
higher growth factor concentration.
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a unique material and is one of the most multipurpose
materials in last decades in the field of dentistry particularity in endodontic. MTA was
developed by Mohmoud Torabinejad at Loma Linda University, California,USA in 1993.
Several in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown hopeful results when MTA used as an
endodontic material. It was primarily recommended as repair material for root perforations.
It was then widely used as a root-end filling material and in direct pulp capping and
pulpotomy of immature teeth with vital pulps (apexogenesis). and as an apical barrier in the
treatment of teeth with opened apices and necrotic pulps (apexification) or coronal barrier
for regenerative endodontics. It has been also suggested to use MTA as root canal sealer or as
root canal filling material for the entire root canal system.
Usually, MTA material mixes with vehicle to facilitate the application of this material since
MTA has the form of powder, several vehicles have been used to mix MTA as saline, distilled
water or propyleneglycol. Recently, in regeneration techniques, platelet concentrates have
been advocated as a scaffold (matrix)with MTA.
Because of its biocompatibility MTA is one of the potential candidates for bone regenerating
biomolecules. It can help in bone repair because its composition allows the rapid adhesion and
proliferation of cells on its structure. There is evidence that MTA promotes a favorable
response in the osseous environment with direct bone apposition. MTA surfaces support
osteoblast cell attachment, matrix synthesis and RunX2 expression which are essential for
osteogenesis.
MTA with Biphasic calcium phosphate as a carrier may be effective for achieving favorable
new bone formation in large critical sized defects as both materials have an osteoconductive
property. Another study show that MTA has a better effect on restoration and regeneration of
alveolar bone in patients with maxillary extraction than PRF, while combined application of the
two has the best long-term effect in alveolar bone regeneration.
Authors: Hussein Ali Almomani, Mohammed Ali El Maaytah
Doi: 10.54936/haoms263038
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has the ability to enhance tissue regeneration and accelerate
wound healing by inducing stem cell differentiation through its growth factors (GFs). It is
widely used in various surgical fields including maxillofacial surgery
PRP has been used as first-generation since PRP has the ability to enhance tissue
regeneration and accelerate wound healing by inducing stem cell differentiation through
its growth factors. A second-generation platelet concentrates to address the drawbacks of
PRP. The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)preparation could be done with minimal experience
because it is a simple single step not, as PRP, that requires a two-step centrifugation,
purification and coagulant addition. Through its inherent growth factors, PRF has been
proven to improve the regeneration of dental soft and hard tissues. Concentrated growth
factors (CGF), a third-generation platelet concentrate, were reported to have an advantage
over PRP and PRF in terms of cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation, as well as a
higher growth factor concentration.
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a unique material and is one of the most multipurpose
materials in last decades in the field of dentistry particularity in endodontic. MTA was
developed by Mohmoud Torabinejad at Loma Linda University, California,USA in 1993.
Several in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown hopeful results when MTA used as an
endodontic material. It was primarily recommended as repair material for root perforations.
It was then widely used as a root-end filling material and in direct pulp capping and
pulpotomy of immature teeth with vital pulps (apexogenesis). and as an apical barrier in the
treatment of teeth with opened apices and necrotic pulps (apexification) or coronal barrier
for regenerative endodontics. It has been also suggested to use MTA as root canal sealer or as
root canal filling material for the entire root canal system.
Usually, MTA material mixes with vehicle to facilitate the application of this material since
MTA has the form of powder, several vehicles have been used to mix MTA as saline, distilled
water or propyleneglycol. Recently, in regeneration techniques, platelet concentrates have
been advocated as a scaffold (matrix)with MTA.
Because of its biocompatibility MTA is one of the potential candidates for bone regenerating
biomolecules. It can help in bone repair because its composition allows the rapid adhesion and
proliferation of cells on its structure. There is evidence that MTA promotes a favorable
response in the osseous environment with direct bone apposition. MTA surfaces support
osteoblast cell attachment, matrix synthesis and RunX2 expression which are essential for
osteogenesis.
MTA with Biphasic calcium phosphate as a carrier may be effective for achieving favorable
new bone formation in large critical sized defects as both materials have an osteoconductive
property. Another study show that MTA has a better effect on restoration and regeneration of
alveolar bone in patients with maxillary extraction than PRF, while combined application of the
two has the best long-term effect in alveolar bone regeneration.