Gingival plasmablastic lymphoma as the first manifestation of HIV infection. A case report
Paris TAMIOLAKIS, Eleni-Marina KALOGIROU, Konstantinos TOSIOS, Vasileios PETSINIS, Alexandra SKLAVOUNOU-ANDRIKOPOULOU
Department of Oral Pathology (Head: Professor Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou Alexandra), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Professor Papadogeorgakis Nikolaos) Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Hellenic Archives of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (2016) 3, 115-124
SUMMARY: Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare type of lymphoma and occurs more frequently in the oral cavity of ΗΙV(+) male patients Clinically, it usually appears in the gingiva, hard palate and floor of the mouth, as a painful, rapidly expansive swelling which is often ulcerated and can infiltrate the subjacent bone. In many cases plasmablastic lymphoma is the first clinical manifestation of HIV infection.
We present a case of gingival plasmablastic lymphoma, which was initially treated as a dental abscess and was the reason for further investigation and confirmation of HIV infection.
Lesions in the oral cavity may correlate with HIV infection. Dentist must be able to recognize them and direct properly the patient.
KEY WORDS: Plasmablastic lymphoma, HIV infection
REFERENCES
Armstrong R, Bradrick J, Liu YC. Spontaneous regression of an HIV- associated plasmablastic lymphoma in the oral cavity: a case re- port. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1361-4, 2007.
Barta SK, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, Noy A, Sparano JA. Pooled analysis of AIDS malignancy consortium trials evaluating rituximab plus CHOP or infusional EPOCH chemotherapy in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 118:3977-83, 2012.
Barta SK, Xue X, Wang D, Tamari R, Lee JY, Mounier N, Kaplan LD, Ribera JM, Spina M, Tirelli U, Weiss R, Galicier L, Boue F, Wilson WH, Wyen C, Oriol A, Navarro JT, Dunleavy K, little RF, Ratner L, Garcia O, Morgades M, Remick SC, Noy A, Sparano JA. Treat- ment factors affecting outcomes in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a pooled analysis of 1546 patients. Blood 122:3251- 62, 2013.
Boy SC, Van Heerden MB, Babb C, Van Heerden WF, Willem P. Dom- inant genetic aberrations and coexistent EBV infection in HIV-re- lated oral plasmablastic lymphomas. Oral Oncol 47:883-7, 2011. Carbone A. AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: from pathology and molecular pathogenesis to treatment. Hum Pathol 33:392-
404, 2002.
Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lym- phoma: lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol 83:804-9, 2008.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, StachurskI D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Clinical and pathological differences between human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with plasmablastic lymphoma. Leuk Lym- phoma 51:2047-53, 2010a.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Prognostic factors in chemotherapy-treated patients with HIV-associated Plasmablastic lymphoma. Oncologist 15:293- 9, 2010b.
Castillo JJ, Reagan JL. Plasmablastic lymphoma: a systematic review. Sci- entific World Journal 11:687-96, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin GA, butera JN. HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: not in the mouth. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11:185-9, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Furman M, Beltrán BE, Bibas M, Bower M, Chen W, Díez- Martín JL, Liu JJ, Miranda RN, Montoto S, Nanaji NM, Navarro JT, Seegmiller AC,Vose JM. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: poor prognosis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Cancer 118:5270-7, 2012.
Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plas- mablastic lymphoma. Blood 125:2323-30, 2015.
Cattaneo C, RE A, UngarI M, peli A, CasarI S, Castelnuovo F, Fisogni S, Lonardi S, Pellegrini V, Petullà M, Facchetti F, rossi G. Plas- mablastic lymphoma among human immunodeficiency virus-pos- itive patients: results of a single center's experience. Leuk Lym- phoma 56:267-9, 2015.
Chang CC, Zhou X, Taylor JJ, Huang WT, Ren X, MonZON F, Feng Y, Rao PH, Lu XY, Fabio F, Hilsenbeck S, Creighton CJ, Jaffe ES, Lau CC. Genomic profiling of plasmablastic lymphoma using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): revealing significant overlapping genomic lesions with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 12;2:47, 2009.
Choi SY, Cho YA, Hong SD, Lee JI, Hong SP, Yoon HJ. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity in a human immunodeficiency virus- negative patient: a case report with literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117:115-20, 2014.
Colomo L, Loong F, Rives S, Pittaluga S, Martínez A, LópeZ-Guillermo A, Ojanguren J, Romagosa V, Jaffe ES, Campo E. Diffuse large B- cell lymphomas with plasmablastic differentiation represent a het- erogeneous group of disease entities. Am J Surg Pathol 28:736- 47, 2004.
Da Cruz Perez DE, Copete MA, Silva RN, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Clinical pathologic conference case 2: gingival ulcer in a 34-year-old man. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 119:274-9, 2015.
Delecluse HJ, Anagnostopoulos I, Dallenbach F, Hummel M, Marafioti T, Schneider U, Huhn D, Schmidt-Westhausen A, Reichart PA, Gross U, Stein H. Plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity: a new entity associated with the human immunodeficiency virus in- fection. Blood 89:1413-20, 1997.
DesaI RS, Vanaki SS, Puranik RS, Giraddi G, Pujari RV. Plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a gingival growth in a previously undiag- nosed HIV-positive patient: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1358-61, 2007.
EC-Clearinghouse. Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. J Oral Pathol Med 22:289-91, 1993.
Ferrazzo KL, Mesquita RA, Aburad AT, Nunes FD, DE Sousa SO. EBV detection in HIV-related oral plasmablastic lymphoma. Oral Dis 13:564-9, 2007.
García-Noblejas A, Velasco A, Cannata-Ortiz J, Arranz R. Spontaneous regression of immunodeficiency associated plasmablastic lym- phoma related to methotrexate after decrease of dosage. Med Clin (Barc) 140:569-70, 2013.
Hansra D, Montague N, Stefanovic A, Akunyili I, Harzand A, Natkunam Y, DE LA Ossa M, Byrne GE, Lossos IS. Oral and extraoral plas- mablastic lymphoma: similarities and differences in clinicopatho- logic characteristics. Am J Clin Pathol 134:710-9, 2010.
Igawa T, Sato Y, Kawai H, Kondo E, Takeuchi M, Miyata-Takata T, Takata K, Yoshino T. Spontaneous regression of plasmablastic lym- phoma in an elderly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-nega- tive patient. Diagn Pathol 10:183, 2015.
Kane S, Khurana A, Parulkar G, Shet T, Prabhash K, Nair R, Gujral S. Minimum diagnostic criteria for plasmablastic lymphoma of oral/sinonasal region encountered in a tertiary cancer hospital of a developing country. J Oral Pathol Med 38:138-44, 2009.
Armstrong R, Bradrick J, Liu YC. Spontaneous regression of an HIV- associated plasmablastic lymphoma in the oral cavity: a case re- port. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1361-4, 2007.
Barta SK, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, Noy A, Sparano JA. Pooled analysis of AIDS malignancy consortium trials evaluating rituximab plus CHOP or infusional EPOCH chemotherapy in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 118:3977-83, 2012.
Barta SK, Xue X, Wang D, Tamari R, Lee JY, Mounier N, Kaplan LD, Ribera JM, Spina M, Tirelli U, Weiss R, Galicier L, Boue F, Wilson WH, Wyen C, Oriol A, Navarro JT, Dunleavy K, little RF, Ratner L, Garcia O, Morgades M, Remick SC, Noy A, Sparano JA. Treat- ment factors affecting outcomes in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a pooled analysis of 1546 patients. Blood 122:3251- 62, 2013.
Boy SC, Van Heerden MB, Babb C, Van Heerden WF, Willem P. Dom- inant genetic aberrations and coexistent EBV infection in HIV-re- lated oral plasmablastic lymphomas. Oral Oncol 47:883-7, 2011. Carbone A. AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: from pathology and molecular pathogenesis to treatment. Hum Pathol 33:392-
404, 2002.
Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lym- phoma: lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol 83:804-9, 2008.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, StachurskI D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Clinical and pathological differences between human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with plasmablastic lymphoma. Leuk Lym- phoma 51:2047-53, 2010a.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Prognostic factors in chemotherapy-treated patients with HIV-associated Plasmablastic lymphoma. Oncologist 15:293- 9, 2010b.
Castillo JJ, Reagan JL. Plasmablastic lymphoma: a systematic review. Sci- entific World Journal 11:687-96, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin GA, butera JN. HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: not in the mouth. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11:185-9, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Furman M, Beltrán BE, Bibas M, Bower M, Chen W, Díez- Martín JL, Liu JJ, Miranda RN, Montoto S, Nanaji NM, Navarro JT, Seegmiller AC,Vose JM. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: poor prognosis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Cancer 118:5270-7, 2012.
Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plas- mablastic lymphoma. Blood 125:2323-30, 2015.
Cattaneo C, RE A, UngarI M, peli A, CasarI S, Castelnuovo F, Fisogni S, Lonardi S, Pellegrini V, Petullà M, Facchetti F, rossi G. Plas- mablastic lymphoma among human immunodeficiency virus-pos- itive patients: results of a single center's experience. Leuk Lym- phoma 56:267-9, 2015.
Chang CC, Zhou X, Taylor JJ, Huang WT, Ren X, MonZON F, Feng Y, Rao PH, Lu XY, Fabio F, Hilsenbeck S, Creighton CJ, Jaffe ES, Lau CC. Genomic profiling of plasmablastic lymphoma using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): revealing significant overlapping genomic lesions with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 12;2:47, 2009.
Choi SY, Cho YA, Hong SD, Lee JI, Hong SP, Yoon HJ. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity in a human immunodeficiency virus- negative patient: a case report with literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117:115-20, 2014.
Colomo L, Loong F, Rives S, Pittaluga S, Martínez A, LópeZ-Guillermo A, Ojanguren J, Romagosa V, Jaffe ES, Campo E. Diffuse large B- cell lymphomas with plasmablastic differentiation represent a het- erogeneous group of disease entities. Am J Surg Pathol 28:736- 47, 2004.
Da Cruz Perez DE, Copete MA, Silva RN, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Clinical pathologic conference case 2: gingival ulcer in a 34-year-old man. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 119:274-9, 2015.
Delecluse HJ, Anagnostopoulos I, Dallenbach F, Hummel M, Marafioti T, Schneider U, Huhn D, Schmidt-Westhausen A, Reichart PA, Gross U, Stein H. Plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity: a new entity associated with the human immunodeficiency virus in- fection. Blood 89:1413-20, 1997.
DesaI RS, Vanaki SS, Puranik RS, Giraddi G, Pujari RV. Plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a gingival growth in a previously undiag- nosed HIV-positive patient: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1358-61, 2007.
EC-Clearinghouse. Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. J Oral Pathol Med 22:289-91, 1993.
Ferrazzo KL, Mesquita RA, Aburad AT, Nunes FD, DE Sousa SO. EBV detection in HIV-related oral plasmablastic lymphoma. Oral Dis 13:564-9, 2007.
García-Noblejas A, Velasco A, Cannata-Ortiz J, Arranz R. Spontaneous regression of immunodeficiency associated plasmablastic lym- phoma related to methotrexate after decrease of dosage. Med Clin (Barc) 140:569-70, 2013.
Hansra D, Montague N, Stefanovic A, Akunyili I, Harzand A, Natkunam Y, DE LA Ossa M, Byrne GE, Lossos IS. Oral and extraoral plas- mablastic lymphoma: similarities and differences in clinicopatho- logic characteristics. Am J Clin Pathol 134:710-9, 2010.
Igawa T, Sato Y, Kawai H, Kondo E, Takeuchi M, Miyata-Takata T, Takata K, Yoshino T. Spontaneous regression of plasmablastic lym- phoma in an elderly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-nega- tive patient. Diagn Pathol 10:183, 2015.
Kane S, Khurana A, Parulkar G, Shet T, Prabhash K, Nair R, Gujral S. Minimum diagnostic criteria for plasmablastic lymphoma of oral/sinonasal region encountered in a tertiary cancer hospital of a developing country. J Oral Pathol Med 38:138-44, 2009.
Department of Oral Pathology (Head: Professor Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou Alexandra), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (Head: Professor Papadogeorgakis Nikolaos) Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Hellenic Archives of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (2016) 3, 115-124
SUMMARY: Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare type of lymphoma and occurs more frequently in the oral cavity of ΗΙV(+) male patients Clinically, it usually appears in the gingiva, hard palate and floor of the mouth, as a painful, rapidly expansive swelling which is often ulcerated and can infiltrate the subjacent bone. In many cases plasmablastic lymphoma is the first clinical manifestation of HIV infection.
We present a case of gingival plasmablastic lymphoma, which was initially treated as a dental abscess and was the reason for further investigation and confirmation of HIV infection.
Lesions in the oral cavity may correlate with HIV infection. Dentist must be able to recognize them and direct properly the patient.
KEY WORDS: Plasmablastic lymphoma, HIV infection
REFERENCES
Armstrong R, Bradrick J, Liu YC. Spontaneous regression of an HIV- associated plasmablastic lymphoma in the oral cavity: a case re- port. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1361-4, 2007.
Barta SK, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, Noy A, Sparano JA. Pooled analysis of AIDS malignancy consortium trials evaluating rituximab plus CHOP or infusional EPOCH chemotherapy in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 118:3977-83, 2012.
Barta SK, Xue X, Wang D, Tamari R, Lee JY, Mounier N, Kaplan LD, Ribera JM, Spina M, Tirelli U, Weiss R, Galicier L, Boue F, Wilson WH, Wyen C, Oriol A, Navarro JT, Dunleavy K, little RF, Ratner L, Garcia O, Morgades M, Remick SC, Noy A, Sparano JA. Treat- ment factors affecting outcomes in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a pooled analysis of 1546 patients. Blood 122:3251- 62, 2013.
Boy SC, Van Heerden MB, Babb C, Van Heerden WF, Willem P. Dom- inant genetic aberrations and coexistent EBV infection in HIV-re- lated oral plasmablastic lymphomas. Oral Oncol 47:883-7, 2011. Carbone A. AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: from pathology and molecular pathogenesis to treatment. Hum Pathol 33:392-
404, 2002.
Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lym- phoma: lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol 83:804-9, 2008.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, StachurskI D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Clinical and pathological differences between human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with plasmablastic lymphoma. Leuk Lym- phoma 51:2047-53, 2010a.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Prognostic factors in chemotherapy-treated patients with HIV-associated Plasmablastic lymphoma. Oncologist 15:293- 9, 2010b.
Castillo JJ, Reagan JL. Plasmablastic lymphoma: a systematic review. Sci- entific World Journal 11:687-96, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin GA, butera JN. HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: not in the mouth. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11:185-9, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Furman M, Beltrán BE, Bibas M, Bower M, Chen W, Díez- Martín JL, Liu JJ, Miranda RN, Montoto S, Nanaji NM, Navarro JT, Seegmiller AC,Vose JM. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: poor prognosis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Cancer 118:5270-7, 2012.
Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plas- mablastic lymphoma. Blood 125:2323-30, 2015.
Cattaneo C, RE A, UngarI M, peli A, CasarI S, Castelnuovo F, Fisogni S, Lonardi S, Pellegrini V, Petullà M, Facchetti F, rossi G. Plas- mablastic lymphoma among human immunodeficiency virus-pos- itive patients: results of a single center's experience. Leuk Lym- phoma 56:267-9, 2015.
Chang CC, Zhou X, Taylor JJ, Huang WT, Ren X, MonZON F, Feng Y, Rao PH, Lu XY, Fabio F, Hilsenbeck S, Creighton CJ, Jaffe ES, Lau CC. Genomic profiling of plasmablastic lymphoma using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): revealing significant overlapping genomic lesions with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 12;2:47, 2009.
Choi SY, Cho YA, Hong SD, Lee JI, Hong SP, Yoon HJ. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity in a human immunodeficiency virus- negative patient: a case report with literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117:115-20, 2014.
Colomo L, Loong F, Rives S, Pittaluga S, Martínez A, LópeZ-Guillermo A, Ojanguren J, Romagosa V, Jaffe ES, Campo E. Diffuse large B- cell lymphomas with plasmablastic differentiation represent a het- erogeneous group of disease entities. Am J Surg Pathol 28:736- 47, 2004.
Da Cruz Perez DE, Copete MA, Silva RN, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Clinical pathologic conference case 2: gingival ulcer in a 34-year-old man. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 119:274-9, 2015.
Delecluse HJ, Anagnostopoulos I, Dallenbach F, Hummel M, Marafioti T, Schneider U, Huhn D, Schmidt-Westhausen A, Reichart PA, Gross U, Stein H. Plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity: a new entity associated with the human immunodeficiency virus in- fection. Blood 89:1413-20, 1997.
DesaI RS, Vanaki SS, Puranik RS, Giraddi G, Pujari RV. Plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a gingival growth in a previously undiag- nosed HIV-positive patient: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1358-61, 2007.
EC-Clearinghouse. Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. J Oral Pathol Med 22:289-91, 1993.
Ferrazzo KL, Mesquita RA, Aburad AT, Nunes FD, DE Sousa SO. EBV detection in HIV-related oral plasmablastic lymphoma. Oral Dis 13:564-9, 2007.
García-Noblejas A, Velasco A, Cannata-Ortiz J, Arranz R. Spontaneous regression of immunodeficiency associated plasmablastic lym- phoma related to methotrexate after decrease of dosage. Med Clin (Barc) 140:569-70, 2013.
Hansra D, Montague N, Stefanovic A, Akunyili I, Harzand A, Natkunam Y, DE LA Ossa M, Byrne GE, Lossos IS. Oral and extraoral plas- mablastic lymphoma: similarities and differences in clinicopatho- logic characteristics. Am J Clin Pathol 134:710-9, 2010.
Igawa T, Sato Y, Kawai H, Kondo E, Takeuchi M, Miyata-Takata T, Takata K, Yoshino T. Spontaneous regression of plasmablastic lym- phoma in an elderly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-nega- tive patient. Diagn Pathol 10:183, 2015.
Kane S, Khurana A, Parulkar G, Shet T, Prabhash K, Nair R, Gujral S. Minimum diagnostic criteria for plasmablastic lymphoma of oral/sinonasal region encountered in a tertiary cancer hospital of a developing country. J Oral Pathol Med 38:138-44, 2009.
Armstrong R, Bradrick J, Liu YC. Spontaneous regression of an HIV- associated plasmablastic lymphoma in the oral cavity: a case re- port. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1361-4, 2007.
Barta SK, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, Noy A, Sparano JA. Pooled analysis of AIDS malignancy consortium trials evaluating rituximab plus CHOP or infusional EPOCH chemotherapy in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 118:3977-83, 2012.
Barta SK, Xue X, Wang D, Tamari R, Lee JY, Mounier N, Kaplan LD, Ribera JM, Spina M, Tirelli U, Weiss R, Galicier L, Boue F, Wilson WH, Wyen C, Oriol A, Navarro JT, Dunleavy K, little RF, Ratner L, Garcia O, Morgades M, Remick SC, Noy A, Sparano JA. Treat- ment factors affecting outcomes in HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a pooled analysis of 1546 patients. Blood 122:3251- 62, 2013.
Boy SC, Van Heerden MB, Babb C, Van Heerden WF, Willem P. Dom- inant genetic aberrations and coexistent EBV infection in HIV-re- lated oral plasmablastic lymphomas. Oral Oncol 47:883-7, 2011. Carbone A. AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: from pathology and molecular pathogenesis to treatment. Hum Pathol 33:392-
404, 2002.
Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lym- phoma: lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol 83:804-9, 2008.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, StachurskI D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Clinical and pathological differences between human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with plasmablastic lymphoma. Leuk Lym- phoma 51:2047-53, 2010a.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin G, Butera JN. Prognostic factors in chemotherapy-treated patients with HIV-associated Plasmablastic lymphoma. Oncologist 15:293- 9, 2010b.
Castillo JJ, Reagan JL. Plasmablastic lymphoma: a systematic review. Sci- entific World Journal 11:687-96, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Stachurski D, Perez K, Jabbour M, Milani C, Colvin GA, butera JN. HIV-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: not in the mouth. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11:185-9, 2011.
Castillo JJ, Furman M, Beltrán BE, Bibas M, Bower M, Chen W, Díez- Martín JL, Liu JJ, Miranda RN, Montoto S, Nanaji NM, Navarro JT, Seegmiller AC,Vose JM. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: poor prognosis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Cancer 118:5270-7, 2012.
Castillo JJ, Bibas M, Miranda RN. The biology and treatment of plas- mablastic lymphoma. Blood 125:2323-30, 2015.
Cattaneo C, RE A, UngarI M, peli A, CasarI S, Castelnuovo F, Fisogni S, Lonardi S, Pellegrini V, Petullà M, Facchetti F, rossi G. Plas- mablastic lymphoma among human immunodeficiency virus-pos- itive patients: results of a single center's experience. Leuk Lym- phoma 56:267-9, 2015.
Chang CC, Zhou X, Taylor JJ, Huang WT, Ren X, MonZON F, Feng Y, Rao PH, Lu XY, Fabio F, Hilsenbeck S, Creighton CJ, Jaffe ES, Lau CC. Genomic profiling of plasmablastic lymphoma using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH): revealing significant overlapping genomic lesions with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 12;2:47, 2009.
Choi SY, Cho YA, Hong SD, Lee JI, Hong SP, Yoon HJ. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity in a human immunodeficiency virus- negative patient: a case report with literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117:115-20, 2014.
Colomo L, Loong F, Rives S, Pittaluga S, Martínez A, LópeZ-Guillermo A, Ojanguren J, Romagosa V, Jaffe ES, Campo E. Diffuse large B- cell lymphomas with plasmablastic differentiation represent a het- erogeneous group of disease entities. Am J Surg Pathol 28:736- 47, 2004.
Da Cruz Perez DE, Copete MA, Silva RN, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Clinical pathologic conference case 2: gingival ulcer in a 34-year-old man. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 119:274-9, 2015.
Delecluse HJ, Anagnostopoulos I, Dallenbach F, Hummel M, Marafioti T, Schneider U, Huhn D, Schmidt-Westhausen A, Reichart PA, Gross U, Stein H. Plasmablastic lymphomas of the oral cavity: a new entity associated with the human immunodeficiency virus in- fection. Blood 89:1413-20, 1997.
DesaI RS, Vanaki SS, Puranik RS, Giraddi G, Pujari RV. Plasmablastic lymphoma presenting as a gingival growth in a previously undiag- nosed HIV-positive patient: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:1358-61, 2007.
EC-Clearinghouse. Classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in HIV infection. EC-Clearinghouse on Oral Problems Related to HIV Infection and WHO Collaborating Centre on Oral Manifestations of the Immunodeficiency Virus. J Oral Pathol Med 22:289-91, 1993.
Ferrazzo KL, Mesquita RA, Aburad AT, Nunes FD, DE Sousa SO. EBV detection in HIV-related oral plasmablastic lymphoma. Oral Dis 13:564-9, 2007.
García-Noblejas A, Velasco A, Cannata-Ortiz J, Arranz R. Spontaneous regression of immunodeficiency associated plasmablastic lym- phoma related to methotrexate after decrease of dosage. Med Clin (Barc) 140:569-70, 2013.
Hansra D, Montague N, Stefanovic A, Akunyili I, Harzand A, Natkunam Y, DE LA Ossa M, Byrne GE, Lossos IS. Oral and extraoral plas- mablastic lymphoma: similarities and differences in clinicopatho- logic characteristics. Am J Clin Pathol 134:710-9, 2010.
Igawa T, Sato Y, Kawai H, Kondo E, Takeuchi M, Miyata-Takata T, Takata K, Yoshino T. Spontaneous regression of plasmablastic lym- phoma in an elderly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-nega- tive patient. Diagn Pathol 10:183, 2015.
Kane S, Khurana A, Parulkar G, Shet T, Prabhash K, Nair R, Gujral S. Minimum diagnostic criteria for plasmablastic lymphoma of oral/sinonasal region encountered in a tertiary cancer hospital of a developing country. J Oral Pathol Med 38:138-44, 2009.
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