PATIENT INSPIRED BIO-PRINTABLE HARD-TISSUE CONSTRUCTS FOR TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors:
Idan Redenski1, Asaf Zigron1, Shadi Daoud1, Danny Oren1, Samer Srouji1,2
Affiliation:
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Galilee College of Dental Sciences, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
2 The Azriely Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israeltry
Doi: 10.54936/haoms242p23
ABSTRACT:
Objectives: VWhen approaching the task of functional regeneration of large-scaled defects, both heavily vascularized tissue grafts and patient-specific anatomy are necessary. Autologous tissue-harvest, considered as the current standard of care, possess considerable drawbacks such as tissue-site morbidity and post-operative pain. Tissue engineering approaches relying on both 3-dimensional design and biological induction of implants can heavily promote grafts survival during the engraftment process, enabling the transition from harvested autografts and synthetic implants toward innate tissue constructs for tissue reconstruction.
Materials and Methods: First, medical imaging from patients undergoing maxillofacial midface reconstruction was evaluated and segmented, and to yield the anatomy of relevant facial features such as the lower orbital rim. Next, 3-dimensional design of a humans-scaled tissue construct was performed, followed by 3D printing of designed constructs using a sacrificial butene-diol vinyl alcohol copolymer. Next, biohybrid PCL-ECM constructs were fabricated. These in turn underwent vascularization and biological induction by loading human-derived adipose mesenchymal stem cells and microvascular endothelial cells. ECM deposition, neo vasculature, mineralization, and geometry we evaluated using high resolution microCT, confocal microscopy, metabolism assessment and cytokine secretion.
Results: The use of mesenchymal stem cells dramatically increased both vascularization density and tissue deposition within the printed constructs by more than 30 percent. Moreover, mineralization was positively affected by the incorporation of endothelial cells within the tissue constructs. Constructs that underwent induction with co-cultures showed a high degree of volumetric compatibility to segmented areas from patients’ medical imaging, with less than 5 percent of volume loss compared to the original tissue volume.
Conclusions: Propper cellular induction of tissue engineered constructs is key in the attempts to create human-scaled tissue replacements for clinical purposes, that can serve as an exact replica of a maxillofacial bone graft for defined defect reconstruction.
KEY WORDS:
Authors:
Idan Redenski1, Asaf Zigron1, Shadi Daoud1, Danny Oren1, Samer Srouji1,2
Affiliation:
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Galilee College of Dental Sciences, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
2 The Azriely Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israeltry
Doi: 10.54936/haoms242p23
ABSTRACT:
Objectives: VWhen approaching the task of functional regeneration of large-scaled defects, both heavily vascularized tissue grafts and patient-specific anatomy are necessary. Autologous tissue-harvest, considered as the current standard of care, possess considerable drawbacks such as tissue-site morbidity and post-operative pain. Tissue engineering approaches relying on both 3-dimensional design and biological induction of implants can heavily promote grafts survival during the engraftment process, enabling the transition from harvested autografts and synthetic implants toward innate tissue constructs for tissue reconstruction.
Materials and Methods: First, medical imaging from patients undergoing maxillofacial midface reconstruction was evaluated and segmented, and to yield the anatomy of relevant facial features such as the lower orbital rim. Next, 3-dimensional design of a humans-scaled tissue construct was performed, followed by 3D printing of designed constructs using a sacrificial butene-diol vinyl alcohol copolymer. Next, biohybrid PCL-ECM constructs were fabricated. These in turn underwent vascularization and biological induction by loading human-derived adipose mesenchymal stem cells and microvascular endothelial cells. ECM deposition, neo vasculature, mineralization, and geometry we evaluated using high resolution microCT, confocal microscopy, metabolism assessment and cytokine secretion.
Results: The use of mesenchymal stem cells dramatically increased both vascularization density and tissue deposition within the printed constructs by more than 30 percent. Moreover, mineralization was positively affected by the incorporation of endothelial cells within the tissue constructs. Constructs that underwent induction with co-cultures showed a high degree of volumetric compatibility to segmented areas from patients’ medical imaging, with less than 5 percent of volume loss compared to the original tissue volume.
Conclusions: Propper cellular induction of tissue engineered constructs is key in the attempts to create human-scaled tissue replacements for clinical purposes, that can serve as an exact replica of a maxillofacial bone graft for defined defect reconstruction.
KEY WORDS: